Monday, November 9, 2020

Factors Influencing Employee Engagement

 

Research indicates that workers have three prime needs: Interesting work, recognition for doing a good job, and being let in on things that are going on in the company.”  
 -          Zig Ziglar

As determined by Harter et al (2002), “employee satisfaction and engagement are related to meaningful business outcomes at a magnitude that is important to many organizations”. This would be the same for banking institution as well, banks which make employee engagement a priority will enjoy competitive advantage over other financial institutions (Seitz 2019). Thus, it can be said that there is an inevitable connection between employee engagement and organizational performance which paves the way for the organizations to explore the possible ways to achieve employee engagement.

This study consists of the factors which were considered to be the key in achieving employee engagement by many literates and emphasizing to what extent a several leading private banks in Sri Lanka taken the mentioned factors into consideration when developing their employee engagement strategies.

1.  Training and Development

Training can be defined as the organized way in which organizations provide development and enhance quality of new and existing employees. As per Khawaja & Nadeem (2013), training is viewed as a systematic approach of learning and development that improve individual, group and organization. Training has been invaluable in increasing productivity of organizations.  Hence, it can be said that training not only improve employees’ productivity but, also organizations’ productivity.

On the other hand, development refers to activities leading to the acquisition of new knowledge or skills for purposes of growing. Organizations need to provide employees with development programs in order to enhance their capabilities.

Text Box: Source: Commercial Bank Annual Report 2019, NDB Annual Report 2019, HNB Bank Annual Report 2019 & Sampath Bank Annual Report 2019All in all, training and development can be considered as one of the most pervasive methods to enhance the productivity of individuals and communicating organizational goals to personnel (Ekaterini & Vasilios, 2009).

As per Phillips’s (1996) summary of the American Society for Training and Development’s return on investment for training case studies, in a variety of industries notes that the returns on investment on training and development ranged from 150% to 2000% which further highlights the importance of training and development to the organization at large. Thus, it is imperative that organizations should invest in employees training and development activities to improve employee engagement.

Table 1.0: Analysis on the Methodologies Adopted by Four Leading Private Sri Lankan Banks to Drive Employee Engagement.

Bank

Influencing Factor/ Training & Development

Commercial 
Bank
  • Management Trainee programmes
  • Online training modules.
  • Retirement readiness programme - a programme preparing retires to be able to manage the financial and personal consequences of a post retirement life.
  • Introduction of  chat bots, apps, artificial intelligence.
Hatton 
National 
Bank

 

  • Role based training.
  • Conduct of leadership programs like as Future Leaders, One Minute Leader, Women in Management, Leadership base camp training, and Digital Mindset program.
  • Promotion of Digital learning opportunities - "HNB Talent Space"
  • Rs 48.2Mn investment in training in 2019 and average training 38.5Hrs per employee
National 
Development 
Bank
  •  Annual and monthly training programmes.
  • Management trainee programmes.
  • NDB Learning academy.
  • Elevate - Up skill identified relationship managers in developing client management skills.
  • HCM Mobile Application - All employees were granted access to the HCM Mobile App which enables employees to engage in a range of administrative functions.
  • E-learning portal.
  • NDB Power talk - Knowledge sharing platform for employees.
  • Rs 50Mn investment in training in 2019 and average training 47.5Hrs per employee.
Sampath 
Bank
  • Establishment of Sampath Leadership Academy to provide leadership training opportunities at all levels.
  • Multi Skilling programs to improve cross functional competencies of branch staff.
  • Train the trainer program to enhance the capacity of trainers.
  • Executive Talent Development Programme.
  • Launch of Learning Management System (LMS).
  • Provides full sponsorship for banking qualification and sponsors for master degrees and other professional qualifications accepted by the bank.
  • Rs 55.7Mn investment in training in 2019 and average training 33.6Hrs per employee.

 (Source: Commercial Bank Annual Report 2019, HNB Annual Report 2019, NDB Annual Report 2019, Sampath Bank Annual Report 2019)

2.  Remuneration and Benefits

One of the important factors affecting the level of engagement is remuneration. As per Stachowska (2016), remuneration should basically include the following,

  • Fixed remuneration.
  • Changing elements of remuneration linked to performance - such as bonus and commission.
  • Components of financial participation - shares and stock options, participation in profit division, savings plans.
  • Benefits - health insurance, medical care, pension schemes, additional paid leave.
  • Perquisites - subsidized meals, mobile phones.
  • Other additional benefits such as corporate loans at concessionary rates, travel allowances.

Remunerations should not be only limited to material incentives, that is in addition the above mentioned components it should include intangible components as well such as flexible working hours to facilitate work life balance.

The following evident how rewards affect employee engagement:

  • ‘Fair pay’ was a key element influencing employee commitment in the Canadian government service‐performance chain (Heintzman and Marson 2005).
  •   Connecting pay to performance has the greatest effect on discretionary effort compared with a range of other factors (Corporate Leadership Council 2004).
  • WorldatWork’s research indicated that performance related pay has a particularly strong impact on the engagement of an organization’s top performers (2004).

In simple terms, a comprehensive remuneration model builds employee engagement, assures satisfaction and creates the opportunities for the development possibilities and career while maintaining a balance between work and other obligations (work-life balance), on the other hand – it leads to the development and success of the company and multiplies its effects (World Scientific News 2016).

Table 2.0: Analysis on the Methodologies Adopted by Four Leading Private Sri Lankan Banks to Drive Employee Engagement.

Bank

Influencing Factor/ Remuneration & Benefits

Commercial Bank

  • Arrangements to re-establish a pension fund.
  • Re-enforced performance management and appraisals Management Trainee Programmes.
Hatton 
National 
Bank
  •  Fair Remuneration and benefits where in 2019, Rs 11.4Bn spent on remuneration.
  • Performance based remuneration where all the permanent employees are entitled to a variable pay component in addition to the fixed pay.
National 
Development 
Bank
  • Performance driven culture via attractive and equitable compensation to all employees. 
  • Annual performance appraisal

Sampath Bank

  • Performance based bonus scheme.
  • Salary increment of 10% granted in 2019.

 (Source: Commercial Bank Annual Report 2019, HNB Annual Report 2019, NDB Annual Report 2019, Sampath Bank Annual Report 2019)


References 

Commercial Bank Annual Report 2019 (Online) Available from:  https://www.combank.lk/newweb/images/pdffiles/2020/Commercial_Bank_Annual-Report_2019-CSE-Version.pdf (Accessed on 4th November 2020).

Corporate Leadership Council, 2004. Employee Engagement Framework and Survey: Corporate Leadership Council research.

Ekaterini G., Constantinos V., 2009.  “A  model  for  evaluating  the  effectiveness  of  middle  managers‟ training  courses:  evidence  from  a  major  banking  organization  in  Greece”.  International Journal of Training and Development, pp. 221-245.

Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L., & Keyes, C.L., 2002. Well-Being in the Workplace and its Relationship to Business Outcomes: A Review of the Gallup Studies.

Heintzman, R., & Marson, B., 2005. People, service and trust: Is there a public sector service value chain? International Review of Administrative Sciences, 71(4), 549–575.

HNB Annual Report 2019 (Online) Available from: 

https://www.hnb.net/images/annual_reports/2019/integrated-report-2019.pdf 

(Accessed on 4th November 2020)

Khawaja   & Nadeem, 2013.   “Training and Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization: A Conceptual Study”, European Journal of Business and Management.

NDB Annual Report 2019 (Online) Available from:

https://www.ndbbank.com/cms/media/2612/AnnualReportFinal-449aa5e6b379a0e547ebde1f9443f1cc9a7aeb82.pdf (Accessed on 4th November 2020)

Phillips, J. J., 1996. ROI: The search for best practices. Training & Development, 50(2), pp. 42-47.

Sampath Bank Annual Report 2019 (Online) Available from:

https://www.sampath.lk/images/annual_reports/ar2019.pdf (Accessed on 4th November 2020) 

Seitz, A., 2019. Employee Engagement: Tangible Benefits and Best Practices from Banks Who Are Doing It Best. (Online) Available from:

https://www.wisbank.com/articles/2019/07/employee-engagement-tangible-benefits-and-best-practices-from-banks-who-are-doing-it-best/ (Accessed on 5th November 2020).

Stachowska, S., 2016. The role of remuneration in building employee engagement.

World at Work, 2004. ‘Paying for Performance 2003‐04.’ Survey of World at Work members by World at Work and Hewitt Associates.





10 comments:

  1. It is recommended to foster a culture of learning and development that extends development opportunities from instructor led sessions to mentoring, coaching, job transfers, self-learning on the job, e-learning and innovation which can simultaneously challenge, support and enable employees to harness their potential for own career progression. Which means a shift in the mind set of employees from managers being responsible for their career progression to defining own career progression through self-learning. Though creativity and courage may be required to engage and motivate employees emotionally to operate at their limits, this bold step can help employees develop their learning agility and proactively create the solutions needed for the future H5:Team work and collaboration encourages more learning, old ideas are challenged, and increases momentum of change and achievement, while focused on a common goal which gives employees new learning, job satisfaction, and a second family feel. Therefore has a significant influence on employee engagement and thus, increased business productivity and growth. Accepted which can result in positive and significant impact on employee engagement(Mansoor and Hassan(2016).

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    1. Yes Janaka, the independent variables to measure employee engagement include communication, team work and collaboration, job role, Company management and learning and development, which have a positive and significant effect on employee engagement. In today’s business environment, Learning & Development (L&D) is a key strategy to enhance work force capabilities, skills and competencies in order to maintain a sustainable, successful organization. Learning & development increases employee confidence, morale, efficiency builds capability to take additional responsibility boosting career progression resulting financial gain ( Mansoor & Hassan , 2016).

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  2. According to Armstrong (2014) Engagement can be regarded as having three overlapping components motivation and commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour.

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    1. Adding to your comment Ranga, employee motivation is directly linked with business profits makes it all the more important to keep employees encouraged and in high spirits. Human capital is the most valuable asset of any organization. Today’s organization also faces a big challenge of retention as well as attraction of new talent in the organization, and motivational strategies could be one important contributors to organizational success in long-term ( Varma , 2017).

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    2. It has been long thought that learning new things and competency development opportunities raises the morale and satisfaction of the employees but it is also realized that the significant effect on the motivation and job satisfaction is created by goal achievement (Lather and Jain, 2005).Also the managers and the supervisors support towards encouraging employee participation, mutual commitment, and understanding of the diversity issues play a significant role in motivating and enabling performance(Snyder et al, 2004).

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  3. Employee remuneration is an important attribute of work engagement as it motivates employees to increase their work performance (Anitha,2014). The level of remuneration must be appraising acceptable if high levels of engagement are to be expected. Anitha (2014), state that fair pay influences the engagement and performance of middle and lower managerial employees in small-scale organizations. In a cross-cultural analysis, fair pay was amongst the most important tools of employee engagement (Sanchez and McCauley, 2006).

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    1. Hi Chamila , San et al. (2012) showed that to enhance organization reputation and also to boost the
      recruitment possibility where more manpower will make a stronger team within organization
      through rewards that lead both financial and non-financial performance of the employees in the
      company. Effective reward strategies not only fulfilling the employee’s basic requirement but also
      increase their engagement in the organization that is a growing signal for the organization.

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  4. Many have attempted in recognizing the factors leading to employee engagement and developed models to draw implications for managers to determine the drivers that will boost employee engagement levels (Kompaso and Sridevi, 2010). Job challenge, rewards and recognition, variety, autonomy, feedback, and developmental opportunities are some major drivers (Crawford, et al., (2013). Engagement does links substantially to leadership and once the ideal is applied, the results touch the skies. Correct leadership matters a lot since the trust factor increases engagement. Cognitive trust between team members and between team leader is a major player in enhancing performance and commitment (Chou, H et al. 2013).

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    1. Yes Asitha , rewards can have a great impact on engaging employees within the organization. It is observed that engaging employees within organization is a very complex process but management must take time to fully develop it. Reward systems should be aligned with the company’s goals and objectives, employee development, company’s strategies and team performance. In order to create a competitive edge organization should maintain the reward system within the organization so that employees work hard and efficiently perform in their work. In the company these programs usually train and inspire associates to become more productive, efficient and respected individuals ( Benazir & Iqbal, 2015).

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    2. Employee engagement is fully influenced by leadership, workplace culture, company
      reputation and reward practices. Engaged workers work very hard and loyal to their organization.
      Thus, to raise the values and principles of engagement, HR must design programs and practices for
      the employees in whom they connect in their work and feel committed to their organization and its
      goals and objectives. So the employees perform well in the organization (Benazir & Iqbal, 2015).

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